Many networks are set up using a hierarchical architecture to create a "backbone" network. in this system, several connected routers act as the backbone and many smaller lans are connected to the backbone. this is much different than having a system where every router is connected to every other router. what are the benefits of the hierarchical approach to setting up a network?

Explanation:

For example with the hierarchical network design of Cisco (three-layer) it is worth mentioning the following benefits:

- This type of infrastructure is highly reliable

- The complex problem regarding network design is broken into smaller and manageable areas.

- Improved access, access, core layers and distribution

-  The hierarchy provides specific functions important in defining its role within the whole network.

Regarding the access layers in the hierarchy the following are core benefits:

- Layer 2 switching

- Virtual access control lists (VACLs)

- Power over Ethernet (PoE) and auxiliary VLANs for VoIP

- Spanning tree

- High availability

- Port security

- Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) inspection