1. consider a client and a server connected through one router. assume the router can start transmitting an incoming packet after receiving its first h bytes instead of the whole packet. suppose that the link rates are r byte/s and that the client transmits one packet with a size of l bytes to the server. what is the end-to-end delay? assume the propagation, processing, and queuing delays are negligible. generalize the previous result to a scenario where the client and the server are interconnected by n routers.

Given the following code: if (n == 2) { k -= 2; } else if (n == 3) { k -= 3; } can be rewritten as: if (< condition > ) { < assignment statement > ; } assume that evaluating < condition > does not change the values stored in n and k. which of the following could be used as < assignment statement > ? k -= n; k -= 1; k -= 2; k += n; k = n - k;

Consider a slotted aloha system, where the time slot equals the fixed duration of each packet. assume that there are 4 stations a,b,c,d sharing the medium. (a) stations a,b,c,d receive one packet each from higher layers at times 1.3, 1.5, 2.6,5.7 respectively. show which transmissions take place when, according to the slottedaloha protocol; describe all transmissions until all four packets have been successful.when needed, each station has access to the following sequence of random number, provided by a random number generator and drawn uniformly between 0 and 1: (1) station a draws numbers: 0.31, 0.27, 0.78, 0.9, 0.9, 0.11, 0. (2) station b draws numbers: 0.45, 0.28, 0.11, 0.83, 0.37, 0.22, 0. (3)station c draws numbers: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0. (4) station d draws numbers: 0.36, 0.77, 0.9, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0. (b) in slotted aloha, a station transmits in each time slot with a given probability. what probabilities would you assign to each of the four stations so as to: (i) maximize the efficiency of the protocol? (ii) maximize fairness among the four stations? (c) will the efficiency increase or decrease if we modify slotted aloha as follows: (i) get rid of slots and allow stations to transmit immediately? (ii) implement carrier sensing? (iii) implement collision detection? (iv) implement collision avoidance?

In microsoft word, when you highlight existing text you want to replace, you're in              a.  advanced mode.    b.  automatic mode.    c.  basic mode.    d.  typeover mode