There are n bulbs numbered from 1 to n, arranged in a row. the first bulb is plugged into the power socket and each successive bulb is connected to the previous one. (second bulb to first, third to second) initially, all the bulbs are turned off. a moment k (for k from 0 to n-1), the a[k]-th bulb is turned on. a bulbs shines if it is one and all the previous bulbs are turned on too. write a function in java that given an array a of n different integers from 1 to n, returns the number of moments for which every turned on bulb shines.

The code is given below with appropriate comments

Explanation:

// TestSolution class implementation

import java.util.Arrays;

public class TestSolution

{

  // solution function implementation

  public static int solution(int[] arr)

  {

      // declare the local variables

      int i, j, count = 0;

      boolean shines;

      // use the nested loops to count the number of moments for which every turned on bulb shines

      for (i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)

      {

          shines = true;

          for (j = i + 1; j < arr.length && shines; j++)

          {

              if (arr[i] > arr[j])

                  shines = false;

          }

          if (shines)

              count++;

      }

      // return the number of moments for which every turned on bulb shines

      return count;

  } // end of solution function

  // start main function

  public static void main(String[] args)

  {

      // create three arrays named A, B, and C

      int[] A = {2, 1, 3, 5, 4};

      int[] B = {2, 3, 4, 1, 5};

      int[] C = {1, 3, 4, 2, 5};

      // generate a random number N within the range range[1..100000]

      int N = 1 + (int)(Math.random() * 100000);

      // create an array named D of size N

      int[] D = new int[N];

      // fill the array D with the distinct random numbers within the range [1..N]

      int i = 0;

      while(i < N)

      {

          int num = 1 + (int)(Math.random() * N);          

          boolean found = false;

          for(int j = 0; j < i && !found; j++)

          {

              if(D[j] == num)

                  found = true;

          }

          if(!found)

          {

              D[i] = num;

              i++;

          }

      }          

      // print the elements and number of moments of the arrays A, B, and C

      System.out.println("Array A: " + Arrays.toString(A) + " and Moments: " + solution(A));

      System.out.println("Array B: " + Arrays.toString(B) + " and Moments: " + solution(B));

      System.out.println("Array C: " + Arrays.toString(C) + " and Moments: " + solution(C));

      // print the size and number of moments of the array D

      System.out.println("Size(N) of Array D: " + N + " and Moments: " + solution(D));

  } // end of main function

} // end of TestSolution class