1. this energy diagram is for the thermal decomposition of solid mercury (ii) oxide (also known as mercuric oxide) into liquid mercury and oxygen gas.
• write a balanced equation for the reaction.
• explain what feature is shown by the arrow labeled (a).
• using chemical symbols and dashed lines (this can be done with type), draw what the activated complex or transition state might look like.
• is this reaction exothermic or endothermic? explain.

a 20-cm-long, cylindrical graphite (pure carbon) rod is inserted into an oxidizing atmosphere at 1145 k and 1.013 x 105 pa pressure. the oxidizing process is limited by the diffu- sion of oxygen counterflow to the carbon monoxide that is formed on the cylindrical surface.

definition

                    entropy is a measure of the randomness or the extent of disorder of a chemical process.

                      enthalpy is a measure of the heat change of a reaction occurring at a constant pressure.

measurement units:

                        entropy is measured in joule per kelvin (jk⁻¹)   whereas enthalpy is measured in joule per mole (jmol⁻¹)

requirements:

                            entropy has no requirements or limits, and its change is measured by the division between the heat change of the chemical process and the temperature.

                              in contrast, enthalpy can only be related to the heat change of the reaction under standard conditions.