Chemistry, 27.07.2019 22:30 isbella29

What is the next atomic orbital in the series below? 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, a. 3d b. 4d c. 4p d. 5s

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Answer from: fatty18

3d is the correct option

Answer from: Geo777

A) 3d

Explanation:

To know how to fill atomic orbitals, you have to use the Aufbau Principle. Aufbau Principle, which is also called Building-up Principle, states that electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy.

Madelung´s Rule also helps us to determine the energy level of each orbital and besides, the order to filling them. It claims that:

The energy of an atomic orbital increases with the n+l value. For identicals values of n+l, energy increases with increasing n.

The first number of each orbital is n, the principal quantum number. Then l takes values of 0, 1, 2 and 3, according to the orbital letter:

l=0 for s orbitalsl=1 for p orbitalsl=2 for d orbitalsl=3 for f orbitals

Let´s calculate n+l values in this exercise:

1s > n=1 and l=0, so n+l=12s > n=2 and l=0, so n+l=22p > n=2 and l=1, so n+l=33s > n=3 and l=0, so n+l=33p > n=3 and l=1, so n+l=4

As 2p and 3s have both n+l=3, we use the second statement of Madelung´s Rule to determine the orbital which fills first (that with lower energy), and so, 2p fills before 3s as it has lower n value.

Now, let´s calculate n+l values for the possible answers:

A) 3d > n=3 and l=2, so n+l=5B) 4d > n=4 and l=2, so n+l=6C) 4p > n=4 and l=1, so n+l=5D) 5s > n=5 and l=0, so n+l=5

Answer B) isn´t correct because 4d is the orbital with the highest n+l value, so the highest energy level and the last orbital in the answers that must be filled.

For answers A), C) and D), as they have identical n+l values, it´s necessary to use the second statement of Madelung´s Rule again. Increasing in n shows the order of increasing energy and the correct order of filling orbitals. So, 3d orbital (answer A) must be filled first than 4p and 5s, as well; and of course, as we said before, 3d orbital must be also filled before 4d.

The correct answer is A) 3d.

Answer from: Quest

The number of medals awarded to the track team during the season.

Answer from: Quest

27. =3,500,000 x 4,000 = 14,000,000,000

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What is the next atomic orbital in the series below? 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, a. 3d b. 4d c. 4p d....