Chemistry, 21.07.2019 07:30 61497

The atomic number of the element which does not usually form compounds because its outermost shell is full is a.8 b.16 c.18 d.19 e.20

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The outermost shell is full when that shell reaches 2(n²) electrons distributed by holding-capacity of each layer, where n is the outermost shell number. The element with an atomic number of 18 has 18 electrons around it. For the first shell, it is full when it has two electrons [2(1²)= 2 on the first shell]. The second shell is full when it has six electrons [2(2²)= 2 on the first shell + 6 on the second]. The third shell is full when it has 8 electrons [2(3²)= 2 on the first shell + 6 on the second + 8 on the third shell]. 18 electrons fill up the outermost shell of the element.

Answer from: Quest

water molecules stay close to each other through cohesion, the collective action of hydrogen bonds between water molecules. cohesion plants draw water upwards from the root through the stem's transport tubes (xylem) to the leaf. this transport occurs even in large trees and against gravity. transpiration, evaporation of water from plant leaves, creates a tension on water molecules being pulled up from the stem and roots.

water also has high (the attraction of one substance to another) properties because of its polar nature. adhesion of water molecules to plant cell walls counteract gravity while water is transported from roots to leaves.

water exhibits a very high surface tension when compared to other liquids. surface tension is a property of a liquid that holds the surface together and allows it to resist an external force. by capillary action, the water forms concave menisci inside the pores. the high surface tension of water pulls the concavity outwards, generating enough force to lift water from the roots to the leaves of plants.

thus, cohesion, along with adhesion and surface tension creates a capillary action that keeps water molecules interacting and moving through the plants out to the leaf cells.

therefore, option d) is the correct answer.

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Answer from: Quest

a. hope i'm right

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The atomic number of the element which does not usually form compounds because its outermost shell i...

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