Isoflurane, shown here, is a common inhalation anesthetic. write its molecular formula and calculate its percent composition by mass

Molecular formula of Isoflurane is C₃H₂ClF₅O.

Now calculate the percent composition by mass, which means percent of each element in the compound.

Mass of Isoflurane = 184.49 g/mol

Mass of carbon in the compound = 3 x 12.011 = 36.033g

Mass of hydrogen in the compound = 2 x 1.008 = 2.016g

Mass of chlorine in the compound = 1 x 35.453 = 35.453 g

Mass of fluorine in the compound = 5 x 18.998 = 94.99g

Mass of Oxygen in the compound = 1 x 16 = 16 g

Carbon’s percentage = Mass of carbon in the compound /mass of isoflurane x 100 =36.033/184.49 x 100 =19.53%

Hydrogen’s Percentage = Mass of hydrogen in the compound/mass of isoflurane x 100 = 2.016/184.49 = 1.09%

Chlorine’s percentage = Mass of chlorine in the compound/mass of isoflurane x 100 = 35.453/184.49 =19.22%

Flourine’s percentage = Mass of fluorine in the compound/mass of isoflurane x 100 = 94.99/184.49 x 100 = 51.49%

Oxygen’s percentage = Mass of Oxygen in the compound/mass of isoflurane x 100 =16/184.49 x 100 = 8.67%

since the atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus, as we move to the left on the periodic table, the electrostatic pull between the nucleus and the valence electron shell decreases. as we move down a group (vertical column), the valence shell energy level gets further and further from the nucleus.