Why does a primary alochol have a higher boiling point than a secondary alcohol?

In pea plants, the allele for tallness (t) is dominant to the allele for shortness (t). in the cross between a tall pea plant and a short pea plant shown below, what is the probability that the resulting offspring will be tall? whats the percent

Identify and describe the three ways that mutations affect organisms.

What is the mass defect of a mole of nuclei with 1.8 x 10^15 j/mol binding energy?