Carbon dioxide :increased or decreased
why and when

During the day or in spring and summer, plants take up more carbon dioxide through photosynthesis than they release through respiration , and so concentrations of carbon dioxide in the air decrease. Then at night or during autumn and winter, plants reduce or even stop photosynthesising, releasing carbon dioxide back into the air. This is often called the natural carbon cycle.

it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.