30) The number of calories needed to raise the temperature of 32 g of water from 12°C to 54 °C is A) 380 cal B) 1.3 cal C) 1300 cal D) 1700 cal E) 0.76 cal

c. heat could easily travel through the molecules in the air and escape/enter the flask. removing the air slows down the heat transfer.  

conduction is the transfer of thermal energy (heat in transfer) due to collisions between the molecules in the object. collisions between adjacent atoms and molecules transfer kinetic energy from the warmer to the cooler object. the objects must be in physical contact.