Why are atoms so picky on who they bond with

Straightforward questions answered in the powerpoint slidesreaction: heating the starting materials under refluxwhat does it mean to heat under reflux? why do we choose water as the reflux solvent? what are boiling chips used for? why do we put a condenser on top of the reaction? why do we add heat and let the reaction stir for 30 minutes? why do we add sulfuric acid to the reaction after it cools as opposed to when it’s still hot? separation: filtration of precipitatewhy don’t we do an aqueous and organic extraction in the separatory funnel? why do you rinse the salicylic acid on the filter with ice cold water? purification: recrystallization of salicylic acid (no hot filtration needed)what is the difference in the amount of room temperature water vs. boiling water needed to dissolve the salicylic acid (assume a 1.2 gram yield of salicylic acid)? remember, in the lab if you need x ml of boiling water to dissolve a solid, then you should add a little more (definitely no more than 1.5 times the theoretical amount) to ensure it doesn’t recrystallize prematurely.analysis: melting point of salicylic acidwhat can you conclude if the melting point of the salicylic acid you just synthesized is 152-155oc and the 1: 1 mix of your product and “synthetic” salicylic acid is 151-154oc?

Nebulae are enormous clouds in outer space. they are made mostly of hydrogen gas, helium gas, and dust. some nebulae glow brightly, while others do not. the stars that people see are huge, bright balls of glowing gas. they are made mostly of hydrogen and helium. which statement correctly describes other ways in which nebulae and stars are different? a. stars can form inside a nebula but a nebula can never be produced by any star. b. a star always has a higher density than a nebula. c. stars can never form inside a nebula but a nebula can be produced by any star. d. a nebula always has a higher density than a star.

Electromagnets coils of wire paper clips picked up 10 3 15 6 20 9 25 12 ms. owens' class was studying magnets. ms. owens showed her students how to make an electromagnet using a nail, a d-cell battery, and plastic coated wire. the students wrapped the wire around the nail and then attached the ends to the battery. when they were finished, they tested their magnets by investigating how many paperclips their magnets could pick up. they also tested whether they could increase the strength of their electromagnets by using more coils of wire. they recorded the class average of their results in the data table seen here. ms. owens asked her students to graph their data in a line graph. how should the students label the x-axis on their line graph? a) size of battery b) number of paper clips c) number of coils of wire d) strength of electromagnet