For which elements are outer electrons and valence electrons the same?

The number of electrons in the outermost shell of a particular atom determines its reactivity, or tendency to form chemical bonds with other atoms. This outermost shell is known as the valence shell, and the electrons found in it are called valence electrons.

Explanation:

radioactive decay occurs in unstable atomic nuclei – that is, ones that don't have enough binding energy to hold

the nucleus together due to an excess of either protons or neutrons.

shield volcanos are angry and get mad over the smallest things so much that there heads erupt   pahoehoe and a'a lava. a composite volcano is the poller opposite of a shield volcano. its   peaceful thing and knows how to control its emotions.