Atoms of the main group elements either gain or lose electrons so they have eight electrons in the outermost energy level. In doing so, they attain a noble gas electron configuration. Match these elements with the number of electrons they gain or lose.

plasma is the state of matter where the substance is ionized and has no definite shape or volume. the fact of being ionized makes the substance a good electrical conductor.

in the analysis of systems that involve fluid flow, we frequently encounter the combination of properties u and pv.