A student stops a titration BEFORE the equivalence point is reached. If NaOH is being added to an unknown acid, HA, what ions are present in the clear solution in the
flask?
A. H+, A-, Na+, OH-
B. A-, Na+, OH-
C. A-, Na+ and H+

D)can be increased in a closed system

Ithinks its false. tell me if im wrong

The answer is letter c

Van der waals forces are temporary electromagnetic forces established between uncharged atoms. some neutral molecules, when close together, can become temporarily “charged,” as electrons move around the atom. water is a polar molecule, the side of the molecule that the hydrogens bond to being more positive, and the opposite side bound to the lone pairs of electrons being more negative. this means that it participates in dipole-dipole interaction (non-polar exhibits dispersion forces), and it has the capacity for hydrogen bonding.