The specific heat capacity of liquid ethanol is 2.42 J/gºC. How many joules of heat must be absorbed by 0.463 g ethanol to change its temperature from 51.6 °C to 82.4 °C?
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You use the atomic number to find out how many protons and neutrons there are in the atom. you use the atomic mass to find out how many protons and electrons there are in the atom. 

The internal energy of the system we can term it as total potential energy and kinetic energy. energy flows out of the surrounding from the system then we can say that the internal energy of the final state is lower than its initials. the sign of  δesystem is negative.δesystem = efinal - einitial=-ve  efinal  ∠einitial.