When a hot object is in contact with a cold object, or there is a temperature difference between different regions of an object, heat will transfer from the hot side to the cold
side through a process called

lithosphere and asthenosphere

- both b and d.

-since b and d are the closest coastlines then that makes it the most affected.

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it is to be noted that an alpha particle is an helium nucleus. so it contains 2 protons 2 neutrons and has a mass number of 4. when alpha decay particles are ejected from the nucleus it gets transformed into an atom which has atomic number less than 2 and a mass number less than 4.

an equation that could represent alpha decay is radium 226 decay of alpha particle forms radon 222.

→

the number of protons in the nucleus of a given element. has slight luster and conducts electricity at high temperatures like metal.but like a nonmetal,boron is brittle and does not conduct electricity well at low temperatures. in graphite, carbon is a soft,brittle solid.it is reflective,ductile,or malleable.