When the wave passes through the medium

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A single disturbance passing through a medium is called a pulse.

Explanation:

When the disturbances are repeated in a periodic manner, the pulses generate a continuous wave. Longitudinal waves (also called compression waves – a slinky pushed and pulled) – moves parallel (same direction) to the wave motion.

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When the energy of a wave passes through the medium, particles of the medium move. The more energy the wave has, the farther the particles of the medium move. The distance the particles move is measured by the wave's amplitude.

Explanation:

A single disturbance passing through a medium is called a pulse. When the disturbances are repeated in a periodic manner, the pulses generate a continuous wave. Longitudinal waves (also called compression waves – a slinky pushed and pulled) – moves parallel (same direction) to the wave motion.

there is none because earth is stationary and flat.