1. if 100.0 grams of ethylene glycol are dissolved in 900.0 grams of water, what is the freezing temperature of the solution formed? follow these steps: show all of your calculations.

calculate the molar mass of ethylene glycol:
62.07 g/mol

calculate the number of moles of ethylene glycol in the solution:

calculate the molality of ethylene glycol:

calculate the freezing point depression using the kf from the chemistry b information sheet and the molality that you calculated:

calculate the freezing point of the solution.

2. think about the result. think about the typical mid-winter temperature we experience in michigan. is this concentration of ethylene glycol high enough to use in a car radiator in the winter? why or why not?

hurry

A solution will solidfy (freeze) at a lower temperature than the pure solvent. This is the colligative property called freezing point depression.

The more solute dissolved, the greater the effect. An equation has been developed for this behavior. It is:

The temperature change from the pure to the solution is equal to two constants times the molality of the solution. The constant Kf is actually derived from several other constants and its derivation is covered in textbooks of introductory thermodynamics. Its technical name is the cryoscopic constant. The Greek prefix cryo- means "cold" or "freezing." In a more generic way, it is called the "molal freezing point depression constant."

when—without warning—something provokes your anger, you may struggle not to succumb to it. since what typically makes you mad is feeling powerless in the face of what seems unfair, your anger is mostly an attempt at a “quick fix” to right the balance. it’s as though you’re raising a fist in protest, proclaiming that you’re not going to capitulate to such injustice.

there are, however, a multitude of problems related to this immediate, push-back reaction of anger. and probably the key one is that almost never does it resolve the issue that gave rise to it. such reactive anger is probably best understood as self-defeating. as david burns, the author of the seminal self- book feeling good, observes: if realistically, acting on your anger is to make any sense, it needs to meet two criteria—which, in almost every case, is frankly impossible. that is, your anger must:

be directed toward a person who has intentionally (and needlessly) behaved in a hurtful way toward you; and

be beneficial or advantageous to you (i.e., assist you in achieving a desired goal).

i think you’ll agree that only rarely can you claim that your anger is both warranted and , whether to yourself or the relationship.

so let me offer you a two-step alternative to abandoning your better judgment and giving in to the temptation of anger—one that should neutralize your anger in seconds. or, when you’re really angry, in minutes.

but keep in mind that you must really want to execute these steps, be sufficiently motivated to perform them. which means overcoming more unconscious resistance than you might ever have imagined. because there are many immediate “advantages” of anger that can interfere with your resolve, i’ll suggest a few of them that might interfere with your employing this powerful method to rid yourself of counter-productive anger.

explanation: