In which phase of matter do the molecules that make up the substance have the greatest kinetic energy

gases

Explanation:

There are three states of matter:

1. Solid state : In this state, the molecules are arranged in regular and repeating pattern. The molecules are closely packed that means they are fixed and vibrate in place but they can not move from one place to another. and thus have least kinetic energy.

For example : Copper

2. Liquid state : In this state, the molecules are present in random and irregular pattern. The molecules are closely packed but they can move from one place to another. They have intermediate kinetic energy between solid and gaseous state.

For example : water

3. Gaseous state : In this state, the molecules are present in irregular pattern. The molecules are not closely packed and they can move freely from one place to another and spread out and thus have most kinetic energy.

For example : Helium gas

water   molecules stay close to each other through cohesion, the collective action of hydrogen bonds between water molecules. cohesion plants draw water upwards from the root through the stem's transport tubes (xylem) to the leaf. this transport occurs even in large trees and against gravity. transpiration, evaporation of water from plant leaves, creates a tension on water molecules being pulled up from the stem and roots.

water also has high (the attraction of one substance to another) properties because of its polar nature. adhesion of water molecules to plant cell walls counteract gravity while water is transported from roots to leaves.

water exhibits a very high surface tension when compared to other liquids. surface tension is a property of a liquid that holds the surface together and allows it to resist an external force. by capillary action, the water forms concave menisci inside the pores. the high surface tension of water pulls the concavity outwards, generating enough force to lift water from the roots to the leaves of plants.

thus, cohesion, along with adhesion and surface tension creates a capillary action that keeps water molecules interacting and moving through the plants out to the leaf cells.

therefore, option d) is the correct answer.

explanation:

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