What did rutherford’s model of the atom include that thomson’s model did not have? a nucleus, energy levels, electron clouds, smaller particles

Option A: Nucleus

Thomson's model of the atom:

According to Thomson's model of the atom, negatively charged electrons are paired with positively charged particles. A region of space is occupied by negative electrons having uniform positive charge everywhere within the atom, like a soup of positive charge. According to him, electrons are embedded in a positively charged atom, the model is also known as plum pudding model.

Rutherford's model of the atom:

There are positive charged particles present in an atom, most of the mass is concentrated at center and in very small region. This region is known as nucleus of the atom. Negatively charged particles- electrons surrounds the nucleus. The net charge on the atom is zero.

Thus, nucleus is included in the Rutherford's model of the atom but not in the Thomson's model.

the answer for sodium is 0.186

the answer for rubidium is 0.251

it takes on an electronical energy