How can the partial charges be shown in a polar covalent molecule?

Which theory was contradicted by experiments with the photoelectric effect? light spreads out after it passes through a small opening. as soon as light strikes metal, electrons will be ejected. visible light, regardless of color, will cause the ejection of electrons when striking metal. the kinetic energy of ejected electrons depends on the frequency of light that strikes the metal.

The atom fluorine generally will become stable through the formation of an ionic chemical compound by accepting electron(s) from another atom. this process will fill its outer energy level of electrons.

Astudent conducts an experiment to determine how the amount of water given to a plant affects its growth. what is the independent variable for this experiment?