The replacement of hydrogen from water by sodium is an example of

The replacement of hydrogen from water by sodium is an example of a single-displacement reaction.

A single-displacement reaction is a reaction in which an element in a compound is replaced by a different element.  In this case, hydrogen is replaced by sodium.

Alpha particles have positive charge, beta particles have negative charge, and answer 4 just doesn’t make sense. thus, you are left with only one possible answer.

Bthe s the