1. which type of metal did rutherford shoot alpha particles into?
a)copper b)zinc c)gold d)platinum 2.when thomson held a positively charged plate near the cathode ray, the beam bent toward the plate. what conclusion can be drawn from this observation?
a)the beam was made of light. b)the beam was positively charged. c)the beam was negatively charged. d)the beam was made of neutrons. hat was observed during rutherford's experiment? a)all of the particles were deflected. b)all of the particles went through the foil undeflected.
c)the particles were absorbed by the foil. d)most of the particles went through the foil, but some were deflected.
my answers- 1. c 2. c 3. d

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.