I NEED HELP WTIH 1 AND 2 QUESTIONS IN IMAGE

Which fact represents evidence for the big bang theory?

Oil rich countries in the middle east cover about 4% of earths total land area but prossess about 48% of the worlds known oil reserves what is the main reason for high concentration of reserves in this part of the world

As light moves from one material into the next, which of the following affects how much the light waves will refract, or bend? angle at which the ray strikes the medium color of the material density of the material temperature of the light wave