What do the symbols in the parentheses indicate

What is the mass defect of a mole of nuclei with 1.8 x 10^15 j/mol binding energy?

If many scientists conduct the same or similar experiments, and all obtain similar results, a can be written, which is a generally agreed-upon statement that explains and predicts how a natural phenomenon works.

Element j is 1s 2s 2p 3s . (i) how many unpaired electrons does j have? (ii) is j a good oxidizing agent or a reducing agent? (iii) state reason for the answer.