The density of pentanol is 0.825 g/mL. How many grams of pentanol should be added to 250 mL of water to make a 5% solution by volume? (3 s. f.)

Spontaneity tell us the direction of the reaction, but not how fast it goes. gibbs free energy brings together enthalpy, entropy and temperature in one easy formula. g = h - ts. and, finally the sign of delta g is always negative for a spontaneous reaction.

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