How do i describe a balanced chemical equation?

Equal numbers of each atom on both sides of the equation.  If you're in high school or middle school, that definition is sufficient.  

If you are taking a college or AP chemistry course and dealing with redox reactions, electrons and free protons come into play as well.  I can elaborate if needed

You would be correct, boiling water does disinfect contamination.    the property of disinfecting means to kill  germs, bacteria and other pathogens or contamination  that might cause an infection or cause a person to become sickly. a couple methods of disinfecting are using soap, other cleaning supplies or by simply "boiling" the contaminate.  the reason why boiling water disinfects certain attributes is because some cells cannot survive the heat and pressure.