Chemistry, 09.02.2021 01:20 Tirone

1.5 pts) The Rf value of compound A is 0.29 when developed in petroleum either and 0.44 when developed in dichloromethane. Compound B has an Rf value of 0.45 in petroleum either and 0.69 in dichloromethane. Which solvent would be better for separating a mixture of compounds A and B. Briefly explain your choice. What is petroleum ether

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Answer from: gustavoroggero39

The better solvent for separating the mixture of A and B is dichloromethane

Explanation:

Petroleum ether is the mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from the petroleum distillation with a boiling range between 35 and 60°C. Is used as a solvent.

In the other hand, the best solvent for separating a mixture in TLC is the one that has the higher difference between RF's of the compounds.

The difference in RF's in dichloromethane is:

|0.44 - 0.69| = 0.25

In petroleum ether:

|0.29 - 0.45| = 0.16

That means the better solvent for separating the mixture of A and B is dichloromethane

Answer from: Quest

h let me think

Answer from: Quest

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

explanation

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the $3d$ have energy higher than those in the $4 s$ orbital while lower than those of the $4 p$ orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the $4s$ orbital is therefore filled right after $3p$ orbitals and before $3 d$ orbitals.

potassium has electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{1}$ and calcium $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2}$ . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2} \; 3d^{1}$ and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the $ns^{2} \; (n-1) p^{1}$ and should be highlighted as well.

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