The element carbon continuously Cycles through an ecosystem. A simplified carbon cycle showing Step I, where organic molecules (carbohydrates) are created, and step II where CO2, Carbon dioxide, is produced, is depicted below. Identify the process in Step I and explain how it causes the movement of carbon.

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Explanation:

Organic molecules in the form of carbohydrates are created during photosynthesis or chemosynthesis and these processes cause carbon to be removed from the atmosphere or other environment into the biosphere - the living organisms of the ecosystem.

During photosynthesis, atmospheric carbon dioxide is fixed as carbohydrates into green plants in a two-stage process that requires sunlight energy and water. The entire process can be summarized as an equation below:

Instead of using water as a reactant, chemosynthetic organisms make use of high energy chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide to fix carbon dioxide in order to generate carbohydrates.

Both processes ensure that carbon dioxide moves from the environment into living organisms.

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