THIS ASSIGNMENT IS DUE BY 5! PLEASE HELP!! Canines of the same species can produce unique pheromones in their urine that mark their territory and warn other canines to stay away. This is an example of

phenotypic plasticity
growth and response
genotype mutation
inclusive fitness

its not inclusive fitness which is confusing but

Explanation:

ill give the answer when I finish the test

stupid i wont let you get a chance

explanation:

- calcium has greater affinity to bond with electron receptors than hydrogen does and hence, it has the ability to replace hydrogen in most of its compounds.

- lithium has 2 valence electrons in the product because it can make only 1 bond with hydrogen. beryllium has 4 valence electrons in the product because it can only make 2 bonds. it has fewer electrons than neon and can react with electron donors. each hydrogen has 2 valence electrons, the same as helium.

- the covalent bond formed between carbon and hydrogen is polar because carbon is more electronegative than hydrogen and it attracts the bonded electron pair closer to itself, thus giving hydrogen a partial positive charge.

- a hydrogen bond is a relatively weak bond that hydrogen atoms make with the electronegative atoms nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.

so the best choice is a.) 2 calcium (ca) atoms