It takes 500 kJ to remove one mole of electrons from the atoms at the surface of a solid metal. How much energy does it take to remove a single electron from an atom at the surface of this solid metal

8.31 × 10⁻²² kJ

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Energy required to remove one mole of electrons from the atoms at the surface of a solid metal: 500 kJ/mol e⁻

Step 2: Calculate how much energy does it take to remove a single electron from an atom at the surface of this solid metal

We will use Avogadro's number: there are 6.02 × 10²³ electrons in 1 mole of electrons.

500 kJ/mol e⁻ × 1 mol e⁻/6.02 × 10²³ e⁻ = 8.31 × 10⁻²² kJ/e⁻

the answer is:  

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geosphere and hydrosphere.

this is because the geosphere has to do with geological events, while the hydrosphere controls all water on earth.