A hydrate of magnesium sulfate has a mass of 13.52 g. The sample is heated until no water remains. The anhydrate has a mass of 6.60 g. Find the formula and name of the hydrate.

molecular formula = MgSO4.7H2O

Name is Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

Explanation:

A hydrate of magnesium sulfate has a mass of 13.52 g. This sample is heated until no water remains. The MgSO4 anhydrate has a mass of 6.60 g. Find the formula and name of the hydrate.

given

mass 1 = 13.52 g

mass 2 = 6.60 g

solution

MgSO4 × H2O

first we ge here mass of hydrate part that is here

mass of hydrate part = (13.52 g - 6.60 g)

mass of hydrate part = 6.92 g

and

now we get here percentage of hydrate that is

percentage of hydrate = (6.92 / 13.52) x 100

percentage of hydrate = 51.18 %

so molar mass will be

molar mass of hydrate MgSO4 = 120.366 g/mol = 49.82 %

and for 100% = 241.6 g

so

mass of H2O = 121.23 g

and

moles of H2O = 7

so we can say that molecular formula will be MgSO4.7H2O

and name is Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.