What did most of the particles that Rutherford shot at the gold foil do? What was the surprising behavior of a few of the particles? What did he determine?

Explanation:

Rutherford gold experiment gave the explanation to some observations made on atoms.

When he shot the gold foil, most of the -particles passes through the foil undeflected nor absorbed. This faction of the particles propagated the foil as if there was nothing placed on their path.

The surprising behavior of a few of the -particles was that they were deflected from their initial path on hitting the gold foil.

This implies that there is a part of the gold foil which has the same charge as the -particles, and more massive than the particles. Thus, he was able to determine the nucleus of an atom.