1) During this experiment, a positively charged rod is brought near but not touching the electroscope. The presence of the charged object
above the plate of the electroscope induces charges to move down
into the gold leaves, giving the electroscope an overall positive
charge. The positive leaves repel. Which statement(s) in the prompt
is/are key to explaining why the plate at the top of the electroscope
contains negatives charges?
A)
B) IV
C) III
D) II and III

c-14 is carbon-14, or radiocarbon.   it is a radioactive isotope of carbon with an atomic nucleus containing 6 protons and 8 neutrons.

definition

                    entropy is a measure of the randomness or the extent of disorder of a chemical process.

                      enthalpy is a measure of the heat change of a reaction occurring at a constant pressure.

measurement units:

                        entropy is measured in joule per kelvin (jk⁻¹)   whereas enthalpy is measured in joule per mole (jmol⁻¹)

requirements:

                            entropy has no requirements or limits, and its change is measured by the division between the heat change of the chemical process and the temperature.

                              in contrast, enthalpy can only be related to the heat change of the reaction under standard conditions.