I want to know how you get the answer for the following problem: Use the periodic table to determine how many atoms of phosphorus (P) are in a sample that has
a mass of 172.90 g.
I know it's
3.36 x 10^24 atoms but I want to know how to get it because I'm currently struggling in chem with this, I'd really appreciate it if someone could explain it to me, and please don't comment just for points! I will report if I have to!

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in 1783 cavendish was working with his hydrogen gas and found that when he burned it and condensed the vapor it was water. this was very significant since it disproved the greek theory of elements completely since water was not a simple substance but the product of two gases. it was lavoisier who hearing of the experiment gave cavendish's gas the name hydrogen ("water-producer") and added that hydrogen burned by combining with oxygen and that water was a hydrogen-oxygen combination.

explanation:

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.