1. Part A: Which TWO of the following phrases best describe a central idea of the text? [RI.2)
A. The South African government created the policy of apartheid to ensure that
white citizens could maintain power and control over black and Asian citizens.
B. The African National Congress was created to rebel against the racist policies of
the white government in Pretoria,
C. Desmond Tutu was an outspoken critic of apartheid who helped to lobby for the
release of Nelson Mandela from prison.
D. The government in Pretoria failed to recognize the power of activists who
criticized the land redistribution policy.
E. The protests of South Africans against the violence and racism of the
government combined with international pressure to cause the end of
apartheid.
F. The discovery of gold and diamonds in the mines of South Africa led to a period
of intense settlement and colonization.