What is the relationship between the number of electrons an atom shares in covalent bonds and the number of valence electrons an atom has?

The relationship is that the number of valence electrons helps in the determination of the other atoms that an atom can bond with.

A covalent bond refers to the chemical bond that has to do with the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. It should be noted that the electron pairs are known as bonding pairs.

The valence electrons are the electrons that are in the outermost shell of the atom. The relationship here is that the number of valence electrons helps in the determination of the other atoms that an atom can bond with.

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Covalent bonding occurs when pairs of electrons are shared by atoms. Atoms will covalently bond with other atoms in order to gain more stability, which is gained by forming a full electron shell. By sharing their outer most (valence) electrons, atoms can fill up their outer electron shell and gain stability.

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