1. nuclear decay by alpha particle emission is more common in atoms of elements that:
a have an atomic number greater than 83
b have a proton to neutron ratio of greater than 3: 1
c have an atomic number less than 83
d have more electrons than protons

2. identify the missing particle in the following equation: 3/2he + 3/2he -> 2 1/1he +
(3/2he refers to 3 above 2 next to he as an isotope symbol)
a 2/1he
b 1/1he
c 5/3li
d 4/2he

3. one of the major drawbacks to using nuclear fission as a reliable energy source is:
a there is not enough energy produced by this method to make it profitable.
b the process cannot be well-controlled.
c the intense amount of heat require to initiate the reaction.
d the products are more radioactive than the reactants.

4. which of the following concerns apply to nuclear fission reactions?
a concern about the disposal of nuclear waste
b concern about the safe operation of nuclear plants
c concern about nuclear weapons proliferation
d all of these are concerns

5. the energy output of the sun and other stars is a result of fission reactions among hydrogen nuclei.
true
false

6. why is the total mass of a helium nucleus not equal to the mass of its individual parts? (points : 3)
a the "missing" mass is due to inaccurate measurement on a very small scale.
b the "missing" mass has been converted to energy.
c the "missing" matter has been converted to mass.
d the "missing" mass has been converted to matter.

7. in a nuclear reaction, the mass-energy of the reactants is generally: (points : 3)
a less than the mass-energy of the products
b equal to the mass of the products
c equal to the energy of the products
d equal to the mass-energy of the products

8. a mass of 10.0 kilograms is completely converted into energy. what is this amount of energy in joules? (1 j = 1 kg m2/s2) (points : 3)
a 3.33 x 10^8 j
b 1.11 x 10^-8 j
c 3.00 x 10^16 j
d 9.00 x 10^17

9. a mass of 4.00 kilograms is completely converted into energy. what is this amount of energy in joules? (1 j = 1 kg m2/s2) (points : 3)
a 1.20 x 10^9 j
b 1.33 x 10^-8 j
c 3.60 x 10^17 j
d 4.4 x 10^-16 j

10. according to einstein's formula for the conversion of mass and energy, to find the energy, multiply the mass by the speed of light. (points : 2)
true
false

Answer 1) Option a) have an atomic number greater than 83

Explanation : Nuclear decay by alpha particle emission is more common in atoms of elements that have an atomic number greater than 83. Nuclear reactions occurs with the elements which have mass number more than 200.

Answer 2) Option D)

Explanation : In the given nuclear reaction of helium;

Two helium isotopes combines to give another helium isotope with emission of a proton (P).

Answer 3) Option D) The products are more radioactive than the reactants.

Explanation : The major drawback of a nuclear fission reaction to be used as an reliable energy source is that it usually produces the products which are found to be more radioactive than the reactants.

Answer 4) Option D) All of the above concerns.

Explanation : Nuclear reactions are usually very harmful in nature. It raises many concerns about the waste disposal that is generated from the reaction. It also requires safe operation for the working nuclear plants. It can also be misused for nuclear weapon proliferation. Hence, the answer is all of the above.

Answer 5) False.

Explanation : The energy output of the Sun and other stars is a result of fusion reactions among hydrogen nuclei. In fusion reactions usually additions takes place.

Answer 6) Option B) The "missing" mass has been converted to energy

Explanation : The total mass of a helium nucleus not equal to the mass of its individual parts because the missing mass has to be converted into energy.

Answer 7) Option A) less than the mass-energy of the products

Explanation : In a nuclear reaction, the mass-energy of the reactants is generally less than that of the mass-energy of the products because some energy has to be generated while the reaction is progressing.

Answer 8) Option D)

Explanation : The calculation of the mass of 10.0 kilograms is completely converted into energy.

formula can be used.

here m = 10 Kg and C =

E = 10 X = .

Answer 9) Option C) .

Explanation : For calculation of energy for mass of 4 Kg

we can use the Einstein's formula,

where m = 4 Kg and C = C =

E = 4 X = .

Answer 10) False.

Einstein's formula for the conversion of mass and energy, to find the energy, multiply the mass by the speed of light squared.

what is the average time it took the car to travel 0.25 meters?

⇒ 2.23 seconds

what is the average time it took the car to travel 0.50 meters?

⇒ 3.13 seconds