Between F- and Cl-, which one has
bigger size? Explain.

The order in decreasing size would be Cl- > F- > Na+ > Li+.

This can be explained by the following logic.

Cl- would be the largest because it has the largest number of electrons, i.e. 18. So, the electron- electron repulsion would be maximum in the chloride ion.

Similarly Li+ would be the smallest because it has only 2 electrons and therefore the least electron- electron repulsion.

When comparing F- and Na +, we have to be careful, as both of them have 10 electrons. Experimental results show that F- is slightly larger than Na+(119 pm as compared to 116 pm).

One way of explaining this is that in the case of fluoride ion, there are only 9 protons holding the 10 electrons in orbit whereas the sodium ion has 11 protons holding the same number of electrons. So Na+ is smaller due to the larger attractive force of the protons.

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answer; protein;

for step 7 table c on the lab "newtons law of action"   the average time it took the car to travel .25 meters   was 1.92 seconds.

the average time it took the car to travel 0.50 meters was 2.61 seconds

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