If ammonia is manufactured at 356 K, is the reaction spontaneous, given that the enthalpy and entropy change for the reaction are -93 kJ/mol and -198 J/mol K, respectively? A. Yes, the ∆G is -22.5 kJ/mol.
B. No, the ∆G is 22.5 kJ/mol.
C. No, the ∆G is 92kJ/mol.
D. Yes, the ∆G is -92kJ/mol.

A. Yes, the ∆G is -22.5 kJ/mol.

Gibbs free energy is the maximum possible work given by chemical reactions at constant pressure and temperature. Gibbs free energy can be used to determine the spontaneity of a reaction  

If the Gibbs free energy value is <0 (negative) then the chemical reaction occurs spontaneously. If the change in free energy is zero, then the chemical reaction is at equilibrium, if it is> 0, the process is not spontaneous  

Free energy of reaction (G) is the sum of its enthalpy (H) plus the product of the temperature and the entropy (S) of the system  

Can be formulated: (at any temperature)  

or at (25 Celsius / 298 K, 1 atm = standard)  

ΔG<0 ⇒ reaction spontaneous

alienation, transformation, consumption, and the relativity of truth.

you can choose any one of these, they are all important themes.

these themes reflect the distinct sensibilities of both the modernist and postmodern aesthetic movements. (from google, you should paraphrase)

hope this !

- melanie

most historians agree that gabriel mouton, the vicar of st. paul’s church in lyons, france, is the “founding father” of the metric system. he proposed a decimal system of measurement in 1670. mouton based it on the length of one minute of arc of a great circle of the earth (now called a nautical mile, 1852 meters). he also proposed the swing-length of a pendulum with a frequency of one beat per second as the unit of length (about 25 cm). a pendulum beating with this length would have been fairly easy to produce, thus facilitating the widespread distribution of uniform standards. over the years, his work was revised, improved, and extended by a number of french scientists.

the political sponsor of weights and measures reform in the french revolutionary national assembly was the bishop of autun, better known as talleyrand. under his auspices, the french academy appointed several committees to carry out the work of developing a usable system of weights and measures for france. one of the committees recommended a decimalized measurement system based upon a length equal to one ten-millionth of the length of a quadrant of the earth’s meridian (i.e., one ten-millionth of the distance between the equator and the north pole).