To measure out a volume of liquid, start by choosing the appropriate graduated cylinder and moving the bumper to the of the graduated cylinder to protect it from breakage. Then, pour the liquid into the graduated cylinder until the of the meniscus aligns with the desired volume marking when you look at the graduated cylinder from

a. body (near the top)

b. base/bottom

c. the marking (of the desired volume) of the lower meniscus of the measured liquid

Explanation:

This question seeks to determine how to properly handle and measure a liquid using the graduated/measuring cylinder.

A bumper is a round (usually made of rubber/plastic) used to protect the glass body of a graduated cylinder from breakage when the cylinder falls/trips. It is placed around the body of the cylinder near the top of the cylinder.

While taking reading on calibrated/marked laboratory glasswares, the lower meniscus (the bottom/base of the meniscus) of the liquid is used to determine the accurate measurement.

The eyes is usually placed at the marking of the desired volume, so as to properly determine the lower meniscus and avoid error due to parallax.

b. is the answer hoped i