How do you determine the charge of an isotope?

If the protons in the atom outnumber the  electrons, the isotope has more positive charges than negative charges but If the number of electrons exceeds the number of protons, the ion charge will be negative.

Explanation:

describe matter a earth

answer: enthalpy

explanation:

for a exothermic reaction, the energy is released i.e. the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants.

= enthaply

= energy of products

= energy of reactants

as , thus comes out to be negative. negative value of enthalpy shows that the reaction is exothermic.