Halogenoalkanes What is the name of this halogenoalkane? How could you make it from butan-1-ol? Alcohols How could you make ethanol from ethene? How does ethanol react with sodium, in what ways is this a) similar to the reaction with water, b) different to the reaction with water? Aldehydes and ketones Draw the structures of a) propanal b) propanone How are these two functional groups different?

atomic number of carbon is 6

electronic configuration of carbon is 1s²2s²2p²

orbital diagram of carbon is as shown here in the image.

the major pests we deal with are insects, weeds and fungal diseases. a pesticide is a product, whether organic or chemical, used to kill the target pest. there are other techniques gardeners should use that can prevent the severe infestations that make the use of pesticides necessary

definition

                    entropy is a measure of the randomness or the extent of disorder of a chemical process.

                      enthalpy is a measure of the heat change of a reaction occurring at a constant pressure.

measurement units:

                        entropy is measured in joule per kelvin (jk⁻¹)   whereas enthalpy is measured in joule per mole (jmol⁻¹)

requirements:

                            entropy has no requirements or limits, and its change is measured by the division between the heat change of the chemical process and the temperature.

                              in contrast, enthalpy can only be related to the heat change of the reaction under standard conditions.