2. Write the chemical equations for the neutralization reactions that occurred when HCL and NaOH were added to the buffer solution.

HCI(aq)+CH3COONa(s) > CH3COOH(aq)+NaCl(s)

NaOH(aq)+CH3COOH(aq) > CH3COONa(s)+H2O(l)

Explanation:

A buffer is a solution that resists changes in acidity or alkalinity. A buffer is able to neutralize a little amount of acid or base thereby maintaining the pH of the system at a steady value.

A buffer may be an aqueous solution of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.

The equations for the neutralizations that occurred upon addition of HCl or NaOH are;

HCI(aq)+CH3COONa(s) > CH3COOH(aq)+NaCl(s)

NaOH(aq)+CH3COOH(aq) > CH3COONa(s)+H2O(l)

c is having 4 valence electrons and is bonded to three hydrogens and one sulphur atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to four. as all the valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, there is no lone pair left on carbon.

s is having 6 valence electrons and is bonded to one other sulfur atom and one carbon atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to 2. as only two valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, four electrons are left. therefore, two lone pairs are present on s.