During sporulation offspring develop from tiny structures called black

The question is incomplete, here is the correct question.

During sporulation, offspring develop from tiny structures called .

The answer is spores.

Explanation:

Sporulation can be described as a process which results in the formation of spores, these spores possess the ability to withstand severe weather conditions. It can also be referred to as the creation of spores by the vegetative cells when the atmospheric condition is not suitable.

Spores are reproductive cells that have the tendency to develop into a new individual without carrying out any form of fusion with an entirely different reproductive cell. Different spores are unaffected by heat and chemicals.

it should be all of them because it asks if you included all of those in your answer

explanation:

the ozone layer acts as a filter for the shorter wavelength and highly hazardous ultraviolet radiation (uvr) from the sun, protecting life on earth from its potentially harmful effects. when the sky is clear, there is an inverse relationship between stratospheric ozone and solar uvr measured at the earth's surface.