What is the volume of the Earth in comparison to the Sun? How many Earths would
we need to equal the volume of the Sun?

The total volume of the sun is 1.4 x 10 27cubic meters. About 1.3 million Earths could fit inside the sun. The mass of the sun is 1.989 x 10 30 kilograms, about 333,000 times the mass of the Earth.

Explanation: So if you divide the volume of the Sun by the volume of the Earth, you get 1,300,000.

a rain shadow is a dry region of land on the side that is protected against the prevailing winds of a mountain range. the prevailing winds are the winds that occur most of the time in a particular place of the earth

prevailing winds carry air toward the mountain range. as the air rises up over a mountain range, the air cools, water vapor condenses, and clouds form. on this side of the mountains, called the windward side, precipitation falls in the form of  rain  or snow. this dry air produces a  rain shadow.