Looking at the pedigree below, determine the probability that IV-3, and IV-4 are carriers (heterozygous) of PKU. (Their great grandmother, whose circle is shaded, had PKU.)

If second cousins IV-3 and IV-4 were to procreate, what are the odds that they would have a PKU-affected child?

If IV-3 were to marry an unaffected man from the general population, what are the chances that he would be a PKU carrier (is heterozygous)?

What are the chances that they would have a PKU-affected child?

answer is: naturally occurring solid, inorganic compound or element is mineral.

minerals usually have crystalline form, that means than crystal constituents (atoms, molecules or ions) are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.

for example magnetite is a mineral of iron oxide (fe₂o₃).

calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (caco₃).

dolomite is an   carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate (camg(co₃)₂).

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the answer is symmetrical : )