The following reaction shows the products when sulfuric acid and aluminum hydroxide react.

2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 6H2O

The table shows the calculated amounts of reactants and products when the reaction was conducted in a laboratory. (see table)

What is the approximate amount of the leftover reactant?

There will remain 11.47 grams of Al(OH)3

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of sulfuric acid = 35.0 grams

Molar mass sulfuric acid = 98.08 g/mol

Mass of aluminium hydroxide = 30.0 grams

Molar mass of aluminium hydroxide = 78.0 g/mol

Step 2: The balanced equation

2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 6H2O

Step 3: Calculate moles

Moles = mass / molar mass

Moles Al(OH)3 = 30.0 grams / 78.0 g/mol

Moles Al(OH)3 = 0.385 moles

Moles H2SO4 = 35.0 grams / 98.08 g/mol

Moles H2SO4 = 0.357 moles

Step 4: Calculate the limiting reactant

For 2 moles Al(OH)3 we need 3 moles H2SO4 to produce 1 mol Al(SO4)3 and 6 moles H20

H2SO4 is the limiting reactant. It will completely be consumed ( 0.357 moles). Al(OH)3 is in excess. There will be react 2/3 * 0.357 = 0.238 moles

There will remain 0.385 - 0.238 = 0.147 moles

Mass of Al(OH)3 remaining = 0.147 moles* 78.0 g/mol = 11.47 grams

There will remain 11.47 grams of Al(OH)3

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