• We obtained the above 10.00-mL solution by diluting a stock solution using a 1.00-mL aliquot and placing it into a 25.00-mL volumetric flask and diluting to 25.00 mL prior to removing the 10.00 mL sample used above. What was the molar concentration of phosphoric acid in the original stock solution?

a) The relationship at equivalence is that 1 mole of phosphoric acid will need three moles of sodium hydroxide.

b) 0.0035 mole

c)  0.166 M

Explanation:

Phosphoric acid is tripotic because it has 3 acidic hydrogen atom surrounding it.

The equation of the reaction is expressed as:

1 mole         3 mole

The relationship at equivalence is that 1 mole of phosphoric acid will need three moles of sodium hydroxide.

b)  if 10.00 mL of a phosphoric acid solution required the addition of 17.50 mL of a 0.200 M NaOH(aq) to reach the endpoint; Then the molarity of the solution is calculated as follows

10 ml            17.50 ml

(x) M              0.200 M

Molarity =

= 0.0035 mole

c) What was the molar concentration of phosphoric acid in the original stock solution?

By stoichiometry, converting moles of NaOH to H₃PO₄; we have

=

= 0.00166 mole of H₃PO₄

Using the molarity equation to determine the molar concentration of phosphoric acid in the original stock solution; we have:

Molar Concentration =  

Molar Concentration =

Molar Concentration = 0.166 M

∴  the molar concentration of phosphoric acid in the original stock solution = 0.166 M

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.