Lennard-Jones potential diagrams, also called intermolecular potential energy diagrams, illustrate the relationship between the potential energy of a molecule as the distance between the two nuclei changes. Select all of the true statements regarding Lennard-Jones potential diagrams. a. As the internuclear distance decreases, the attraction between the nuclei increases significantly, causing a steep increase in the potential energy of the system. b. As the internuclear distance decreases, the nuclear and electrostatic repulsions increase significantly, causing a steep increase in potential energy. c. Once a balance is found between the attractive and repulsive forces, the outer orbitals are able to overlap, thereby allowing a bond to form. d. When the nuclei are infinitely far apart, there is no repulsion or attraction between them; thus, the potential energy approaches zero. e. When the nuclei are infinitely far apart, the attractive forces between the nuclei are much greater than the repulsive forces between them, causing the potential energy to approach zero. f. Once the attractive forces are greater than the repulsive forces, the outer orbitals are able to overlap, thereby allowing a bond to form.

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes   ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.

2b2t

explanation:

2b2t

o conteúdo de calor de um sistema é igual à entalpia apenas para um sistema que é constante